Miningpool Staff

DOT holders authorized the stablecoin through OpenGov, and Polkadot says it has no issuing company, but the live phase mints only against Tether's USDT and an administrator can stop minting or halt swaps outright. DOT collateral, price oracles and liquidations are planned for a later stage.

The proposed paragraph names sports, politics, cultural and weather events, and a companion interim final rule issued the same day puts casino-style gambling outside the definition. The agency adopts the Third Circuit's reasoning and argues against the Ninth and Sixth Circuits, in a dispute the Supreme Court has been asked to settle.

Bain Capital Crypto led a round that brought in no new investors and put no price on the company. The Bermuda license behind the business covers only clients the regulator counts as sophisticated persons.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent told Newsmax's NPolicy Summit on Thursday that the government knows where the assets are and is "isolating them." He used the same billion-dollar figure in May, when he said the money had already been taken.

Ledger says it is looking into reports of lost funds from Southeast Asian customers who bought through the reseller, and has confirmed neither an amount nor a cause. Two independent researchers put the losses at more than $72 million and more than $86 million, figures that may not cover the same addresses.

He is now permanently barred from the securities, commodities and cryptocurrency industries. The $35 million the attorney general announced is the sum of two penalties that fall due only if he fails to forfeit $10 million to federal prosecutors or fails to serve his full prison sentence.

US spot bitcoin funds shed $729.0 million across Wednesday and Thursday, erasing a positive start to October. BlackRock's IBIT supplied 43% of the first day's outflow and almost none of the second.

The opinion tells national regulators to presume that any service touching a non-compliant stablecoin is incompatible with a platform's duty to act in its clients' best interests. Its three-month clock covers clearing leftover customer balances, not a grace period for listings.

The draft law exempts the first 500 euros of gains each year and is due to reach parliament in November. Government officials had told Reuters in June that the rate would be 15%.

The league argues sports event contracts create risk instead of hedging it, so federal derivatives law does not displace state gambling rules. Ohio and 38 other states and the District of Columbia filed a separate brief a day earlier.

The bank's Singapore entity plans to custody selected cryptoassets, stablecoins and tokenized real-world assets for institutional and accredited-investor corporate clients, conditional on applicable regulatory requirements. The release names no license, no regulator, no launch date and no assets, and leaves retail clients out.

Each token is backed one-for-one by a share held through Securitize Markets, and the release's own disclosure says holders are not registered shareholders unless they convert. Trading opens in extended US hours on Solana, and the two venues the company points to next, the NYSE's 24/7 platform and the OKXICE tokenized securities venue, have not launched.

Bastion operates the cross-border framework and Coinbase holds the balances as its sub-custodian, while Samsung states it is not a bank, money transmitter or custodian. The Solana Foundation says the transfers run on Solana at launch; Samsung's own release names Solana and Sui as examples and commits to neither.

He named ML-DSA and fully homomorphic encryption as the new risk, and said Ethereum's lean roadmap has spent a year moving to hash-based schemes for that reason. His advice to holders was caution about migrating rather than haste: botched migrations have cost him more than every hack combined.

Improbable's chief executive spent two years dismissing rival high-performance chains as slower and less decentralized. DefiLlama's latest figures show Monad with about 33 times Somnia's active addresses and MegaETH with nearly seven times its fees.

Coinbase Derivatives asked on October 1, and the Division of Market Oversight answered two days later by waiving the ten-business-day review for contracts that already run on funding rates. The same letter records that a KalshiEX broad-based index perpetual was deemed approved on October 2.

His stated trigger is an OpenAI release of machine-generated mathematics that the company itself describes as unevenly verified. In June he put the odds of a quantum break by 2032 at 50% and named 2029 as a good migration target.

Blast and Abstract announced wind-downs four days apart after deciding their chains could not pay their way. Six months after this site named five struggling chains, Somnia is processing 1.95 million transactions a day for 357 active addresses and $358 in fees.

A letter filed Monday points Judge Katherine Polk Failla to the D.C. Circuit's September 25 decision affirming Roman Sterlingov's Bitcoin Fog convictions, where venue in Washington rested on an undercover agent's transactions. Storm's acquittal motion has been pending since argument in April.

The Cardano Foundation says CIP-0113 is live on mainnet after independent audits, letting issuers of stablecoins and tokenized funds build identity checks, sanctions screening and seizure into the asset itself. The controls reach only tokens whose issuers adopt the standard, not ADA.

The contract has no expiry and uses funding payments between longs and shorts to track an index Kalshi calls the US 500. The exchange filed it with the CFTC in August, the reports disagree on what the agency then did, and its separate filings for perpetuals on single stocks are not trading.

The combined derivatives business is now called Coinbase Global Exchange, and the company says it links US and international markets in one liquidity pool for the first time. Perpetual futures moved onto Deribit on October 1 and the rebuilt Pro is due by the end of the year.

Luca Netz says the Pudgy Penguins parent lost eight figures on the Ethereum layer 2 over about two years and declined to fund it with a token sale. L2BEAT showed $47 million to $48 million still on the chain just before the announcement, and anything left after December 15 cannot be moved.

The complaint says $2.76 million has sat frozen in the payments firm's operating wallet since September 2025 over a Brazilian investigation that Brazilian police say never flagged it. It follows a $42.4 million claim brought on much the same theory five weeks earlier.

Prysm shipped the Sepolia gas schedule about 16 hours before the fork; without it, validators on older builds would have kept proposing at 60 million. The 200 million figure is a target proposers signal rather than a value the protocol enforces, and it applies to Sepolia alone.

Because 78 months is shorter than the 15-year Connecticut term Iza is already serving, and the two run at the same time, the Los Angeles sentence adds no time in custody. What the case adds is $23.4 million in restitution and convictions on three further counts.

The trust would list on Nasdaq under the ticker WINK and create and redeem shares only for cash, which the prospectus itself warns can loosen the link between the share price and net asset value. Its transfer agent, administrator and cash custodian are still blank.

Neither proposal was ever finalized, so the withdrawals leave current obligations for banks and money services businesses unchanged. FinCEN said it still believes illicit actors use mixers and may return to the subject.

Release 34-106577 lets Cboe BZX list six Volatility Shares funds that target three times the daily move of a futures benchmark, bitcoin and ether among them, and the order records no public comments. None can trade until the Commission declares their registration statements effective.

OKXICE LLC told the Commission on October 4 that it plans to trade 63 listed US stocks as tokens in permissioned Uniswap v4 pools, a venue that needs no approval because September's exemptive order lets one open on 30 days of notice. Cerebras Systems filed an issuer objection, and its stock is not among the 63.

The Drift Foundation issued one DFX token for each verified dollar taken in April's exploit, and the pool behind those 299.5 million tokens holds about $3.11 million. Tether and other partners have pledged up to $147.5 million more, none of which has arrived.

The Paradigm-backed network said the cost of running the chain now exceeds what it earns, and DefiLlama puts its remaining deposits at $32.14 million against $124 of fees a day. Withdrawals through Blast's own interface close on October 26.

The protocol halted services, patched the contract-side flaw and promised to compensate users in full, naming eleven networks whose deposits and withdrawals would stay down for another 12 hours. Investigators who traced the outflows do not agree on where the money went.

An adviser could hold client crypto itself only after determining in writing, and again every quarter, that no permitted custodian is available for that asset. Transactions would need two people to authorize them, and the comment period runs 60 days from Federal Register publication.

Three letters dated Tuesday also go to Aristotle Exchange, which runs PredictIt, and each sets the same return date of October 13. The Hyperliquid letter's central example is not an event contract but a leveraged short on bitcoin and ether perpetuals, and the $1.1 billion figure attached to it sits in a footnote citing a press column.

The extension gives Cboe the exclusive license to list S&P 500 index options through 2051, a franchise the companies say traded 970.6 million contracts last year. A single permissive sentence adds that the two may also pursue new products like tokenized options, with no product, venue, timetable or filing attached.

Total dividends would not change, but STRC's record dates would go from 24 a year to 365 and the other three series from four to 365. Proposal 1 needs a majority of all outstanding common voting power, and the proxy puts Michael Saylor's share of it at 32.9%.

Buterin's post puts Ethereum's 2030 target at four to eight second slots and finality in eight to 32 seconds, against 12-second slots and about 13 minutes today. It also has nodes checking a proof instead of re-executing every block.

US spot bitcoin funds took in about $2.39 billion over the week to September 25, and $1.71 billion of that arrived in the first two sessions, with inflows shrinking every day afterward. BlackRock's IBIT and Fidelity's FBTC together accounted for roughly four fifths of the total.

A unanimous panel held that Kalshi's sports event contracts are not swaps because a game result carries no financial consequence of its own, affirming Ohio's refusal of an injunction and vacating Tennessee's. Three appeals courts have now ruled and Kalshi has won one of them, with New Jersey's petition already waiting at the Supreme Court.

The Equities Hub on Base takes tokenized Apple, Microsoft, Nvidia and four other stocks as collateral at 65 to 79 percent, capped at about $29 million, and lends only USDC against them. The market runs continuously while the Chainlink feed pricing that collateral stops publishing from Friday evening until Sunday evening Eastern.

The Division of Corporation Finance's updated crypto FAQs answer buyback, maintenance and marketing questions the same way: once a system is functional, none of it counts as the essential managerial effort that makes a token an investment contract. The staff attached the reverse warning to networks that do not yet work, and noted the answers have no legal force.

Evercrest Technologies filed in the Supreme Court of British Columbia, alleging LayerZero approved its single-verifier bridge configuration in writing and warned another integrator about the same risk without warning Kelp. The claim adds a defamation count over LayerZero's post-exploit statements and seeks Evercrest's own losses rather than the full $292 million.

The exchange's security notice declined to name an attack vector, and hours later its chief executive said the attacker spoofed transaction data through a compromised backend system, ruling out private key theft. Withdrawals remain suspended, and the loss is close to 76 percent of the User Protection Fund Bitget says covers it.

New Jersey's petition asking whether Dodd-Frank preempts state sports betting law reached the Supreme Court on September 2, and the first amicus brief was docketed three weeks later. The clerk has since pushed the deadline for a response to November 9, which keeps the petition off the justices' conference list until late November at the earliest.

Seven Senate Banking Democrats wrote to Chairman Tim Scott asking that prediction markets be examined in a public, bipartisan hearing rather than the Republican-only roundtable held Wednesday morning with Kalshi's chief executive. Their letter points at Cboe's request to list all-or-nothing options on corporate earnings, a product they argue could reach the SEC's jurisdiction.

Blockchain.com signed a memorandum of understanding to route its users to NYSE's planned digital alternative trading system, a venue that has not opened and still needs regulatory clearance. The companies disclosed no financial terms and no launch date, and the market data leg of the deal is the part that can start now.

Anza is targeting about 150 milliseconds to finality, down from the roughly 12.8 seconds it attributes to TowerBFT, but Firedancer and Frankendancer cannot run the code yet. No mainnet date has been announced, and September 28 is a feature-gate processing date rather than a confirmed Alpenglow launch.

Network fees on Robinhood's layer-2 fell from $6.04 million on September 4 to $234,819 twelve days later, according to DeFiLlama. Over the same stretch the value held in applications on the chain rose about 15% to a high for the series, and fees have edged back up since the low.

RIN 3038-AF80 arrived at OIRA on September 17 under a title naming two regulations, crypto asset transactions and crypto asset markets. The rule has never appeared in a Unified Agenda, so no abstract, timetable or text exists publicly.

The CFTC docket records the submission as filing 2026-62, received Friday as a security futures listing under Rule 41.23(b), with the status shown as approval pending. The representative Apple contract is sized at a hundredth of the index, about $2.25 of exposure.

Venues can trade tokenized National Market System stock without registering as exchanges, on notice rather than approval. A venue may list at most 75 Tier 1 names, a tier that takes in S&P 500 and Russell 1000 stocks, and trade no more than 0.25 percent of a name's average daily volume in the prior month.

Network-reported block times put the new slots at about 267 milliseconds on average, the same roughly 16-millisecond overhead that sat on top of the 400, 350 and 300 millisecond targets before it. Block limits fell in proportion, so throughput stays at 150 million compute units a second.

The miner's self-mining hashrate rose to 79.9 EH/s and production was up about 249 percent from a year earlier, but its bitcoin balance ended the month at 61 coins, against 257 a month earlier and 1,934 a year ago. The company's own footnote says the figure counts coins pledged as collateral, which rules out one explanation for the drop.

The Gangwon Provincial Police registered 26 domestic users as criminal suspects and referred 18 of them, a month after Korea's communications regulator blocked the platform. Police argue that staking crypto on an outcome the buyer cannot control meets the elements of gambling under Article 246.

Blockchain Recovery Investment Consortium filed in the Southern District of New York on September 12, eleven days before BitMEX stops trading, over positions liquidated on March 12 and 13, 2020. The complaint alleges the exchange controlled both the liquidation engine and the insurance fund that took the positions over.

The Financial Services Committee approved H.R. 8957 by 28 votes to 21 on Wednesday, but on a substitute text that replaced the bill Nick Begich introduced in May. The 20-year holding period survived; the quarterly proof-of-reserve report in the original became an annual one.

The bank will hold bitcoin, ether, USDC, EURC and EURAU for European institutions, with go-live planned for this year and still subject to regulatory clearance. One of the three stablecoins comes from a venture Deutsche Bank's own asset manager helped set up.

The Ways and Means Committee marked up H.R. 10357 on Wednesday morning, a day after the CLARITY Act stalled in the Senate. The bill waives tax on network fees of $10 or less from 2028, but settles only that staking and mining rewards are ordinary income, not when they are taxed.

The Layer 1 runs on proof of authority with eleven named institutions producing blocks, and network fees are paid in USDC rather than a native token. Circle minted 10 billion ARC at genesis and says that is not a commitment to a public token.

Months of talks to merge EIP-8141 and EIP-8130 ended without agreement, and each side is now shipping its own transaction type. Base's version is scheduled to reach a live network first.

Hefu Chai and Huaisong Xiang each face one Commodity Exchange Act count and one wire fraud count over perpetual futures bought before Robinhood announced listings. Trading derivatives rather than spot tokens is what routes the case through commodities law.

Cloture needed 60 votes and drew 49. Thom Tillis switched his vote to no and asked to enter a motion to reconsider, which one industry group says leaves room for a second attempt within two days.

Nearly 2.4 million ZEC took part, about two-thirds of the eligible supply, and 98.9 percent chose bitcoin-style halvings over a smoothed issuance curve. The result is advisory: NU7 still needs code, testing and a ZIP activation.

Treasury named the Chinese-language marketplace along with SafeW, the encrypted messenger Xinbi moved onto in 2025, and Anwen, which built its XinbiPay wallet. OFAC puts the platform's lifetime flow above $24 billion.

The fake alert claimed an STM32 entropy flaw in about one in four devices, a lure that lands harder six weeks after a real entropy bug drained 594 bitcoin from Coldcard wallets. BitBox users received near-identical mail the same day.

Goldman analyst James Yaro says the return of $1.32 billion in March ETF inflows and receding forced liquidations indicate a cyclical floor for Bitcoin near $67,000.

Glamsterdam, Ethereum's third hard fork in twelve months, introduces on-chain block building and parallel transaction processing to cut gas fees by 78.6% and target 10,000 TPS.

Ant Group's blockchain arm unveils a platform enabling autonomous AI agents to hold assets, settle payments in USDC, and transact without human intervention — betting on a $3-5 trillion agent economy.

Blockchain investigator ZachXBT accuses Circle of failing to freeze $420 million in illicit USDC since 2022, while the stablecoin issuer blocked legitimate wallets days before the $285 million Drift hack.

Japan's FSA is transferring oversight of Bitcoin, Ethereum and 103 other cryptocurrencies from payment law to the country's securities framework, cutting capital gains tax to 20% and mandating exchange liability reserves.

Solana processed a record 10.1 billion transactions in Q1 2026, roughly 50% above Q4 2025, while SOL token price declined 31% year-to-date — a split driven by stablecoin settlement and RWA tokenisation growth.

Japan's FSA is advancing a sweeping overhaul that reclassifies 105 major cryptocurrencies as financial products, cutting the maximum tax rate from 55% to a flat 20%.

The $12 trillion brokerage confirms a June 2026 launch of direct spot BTC and ETH trading, intensifying competition with crypto-native exchanges.

Spot Bitcoin ETFs attracted $1.53 billion in net inflows during March 2026, their first positive month since October 2025, led by BlackRock's IBIT which captured 78% of net flows.

The landmark US crypto market-structure bill entered Easter recess without a markup date, imperilling its chances of becoming law before November's midterm elections.

A European Central Bank working paper reveals the top 100 token holders control over 80% of governance power in major DeFi protocols, challenging claims of decentralisation ahead of MiCA's July deadline.

The landmark US crypto regulation bill enters a critical window after Easter recess with stablecoin yield disputes unresolved and a May deadline looming before midterm politics freeze legislative action.

On-chain data reveals that large Bitcoin holders realised an average of $337 million in daily losses during the first quarter, with total capitulation losses reaching $30.9 billion — the most severe period since the collapse of Terra and FTX.

Armstrong pledges direct oversight of a new industry coalition to make Bitcoin quantum-resistant, with Coinbase planning to launch quantum-proof custody services for institutional clients by late 2026.

A new Russian bill will require residents to declare all foreign cryptocurrency wallet activity to tax authorities, linking each wallet to an identifier address for state tracking.

A sophisticated attacker exploited Solana's durable nonce feature to hijack governance controls at Drift Protocol, draining $285 million in assets in under 12 minutes before bridging funds to Ethereum.

Bitcoin fell 22% in Q1 2026 from $94,000 to $73,000, underperforming the S&P 500's 8% decline and marking one of the worst quarterly showings in recent years.

The SEC faced a March 27, 2026, deadline for final decisions on 91 pending cryptocurrency ETF applications covering 24 different tokens.

By March 2026, Strategy accounted for approximately 76% of all Bitcoin held by publicly traded companies as other corporate treasury programs paused or reversed.

Strategy (formerly MicroStrategy) held 762,099 Bitcoin valued at $57.69 billion on March 22, 2026, near break-even on its average cost basis as prices recovered.

Senators Tillis and Alsobrooks reached a bipartisan compromise on stablecoin yield on March 20, 2026, clearing a major obstacle to CLARITY Act passage.

The SEC and CFTC issued joint interpretive guidance on March 17, 2026, classifying 16 cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin and Ethereum as digital commodities.

Ethereum fell to approximately $2,200 in mid-March 2026, down 35% from January, as Layer 2 platforms captured transaction volume and fee revenue from the mainnet.

Stablecoin market capitalization reached $319 billion by mid-March 2026, driven by institutional adoption and the GENIUS Act framework.

Foundry USA pool mined the 20 millionth Bitcoin on March 10, 2026, leaving only 1 million BTC remaining to be mined over approximately 114 years.

Solana fell below $80 in early March 2026, down 70% from its October 2025 peak of $260, as meme coin speculation collapsed and network activity contracted.

The crypto market shed $1 trillion in value across February 2026 as tariff shocks, tech stock collapse, record liquidations, and geopolitical tensions converged.

Bitcoin dropped more than 5% below $65,000 on February 23 as Trump announced a 15% global tariff rate, triggering $2.56 billion in liquidations across crypto markets.

US spot Bitcoin ETFs experienced record weekly net outflows in late February 2026, marking the first sustained selling since their launch in January 2024.

The US Treasury Department added newly seized Bitcoin from criminal proceedings to the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve in February 2026.

Stifel Financial published a research note on February 5, 2026, predicting Bitcoin could fall to $38,000 amid macro headwinds and forced selling.

The US Treasury's OFAC designated Zedcex Exchange Ltd and Zedxion Exchange Ltd on January 30, 2026, marking the first-ever sanctions action against a crypto exchange.

Hyperliquid, a decentralized perpetual futures exchange, entered the top 10 derivatives platforms by volume in Q1 2026, competing alongside Binance.

Kraken Financial became the first digital asset bank to receive a Federal Reserve master account from the Kansas City Fed, granting direct access to Fedwire.

Grayscale Research published a 2026 outlook report predicting institutional participation in crypto would accelerate through regulatory clarity and tokenization.

AllianceBernstein's research division predicted on January 7, 2026, that tokenization of real-world assets will drive a supercycle in crypto adoption.

Texas launched its state cryptocurrency reserve in December 2025 with a $5 million initial Bitcoin purchase, becoming the first US state to fund such a reserve.

REX-Osprey launched the first US-listed spot ETFs for Dogecoin and XRP in December 2025, accelerating institutional access to alternative cryptocurrencies.

Multiple spot Solana ETFs launched in late November 2025, marking the first non-Bitcoin/Ethereum spot crypto ETFs in the U.S.

President Trump pardoned Changpeng Zhao on October 23, 2025, more than a year after his release from a four-month federal sentence for Bank Secrecy Act violations.

Bitcoin reached $126,198 on October 6, 2025, setting a new all-time high amid continued institutional inflows.

Bitcoin dominance, measuring Bitcoin's market capitalization as a percentage of total cryptocurrency value, exceeded 60 percent by mid-2025, reaching heights unseen since April 2021 and signaling diminished market enthusiasm for altcoins.

Trump signed the GENIUS Act into law on July 19, 2025, establishing the first federal stablecoin regulatory framework.

Pump.fun raised $500 million in under 12 minutes in July 2025, achieving one of the fastest token sales in crypto history.

Under Chair Paul Atkins and Crypto Task Force head Hester Peirce, the Securities and Exchange Commission dropped or settled numerous enforcement actions from the prior administration by mid-2025.

The Senate confirmed Paul Atkins as SEC Chair on April 9, 2025, in a 52-44 party-line vote, replacing acting chair Mark Uyeda and signaling a potential shift in the agency's crypto enforcement posture.

Ripple and the SEC reached a final settlement in March 2025, ending four years of litigation with Ripple paying $125 million and SEC dropping its appeal of earlier favorable rulings.

The combined market capitalization of stablecoins exceeded $200 billion in March 2025, driven by expansion of existing issuers and the launch of new entrants competing across different blockchain ecosystems.

Trump created Strategic Bitcoin Reserve capitalized with 200,000 BTC held by U.S. Treasury

Hackers stole 401,347 ETH from Bybit in the largest cryptocurrency theft on record

Hyperliquid, a specialized decentralized exchange for perpetual futures derivatives, exceeded $1 billion in daily trading volume in February 2025, operating on its custom-built layer 1 blockchain with sub-second settlement.

MicroStrategy rebranded to Strategy in February 2025, with the company holding over 500,000 Bitcoin and maintaining a corporate identity centered entirely on Bitcoin acquisition.

Tether reported $6.2 billion in net profit for 2024 as USDT market cap surged past $140 billion, driven by Treasury holdings and ecosystem adoption.

Alex Mashinsky, founder of crypto lender Celsius, was convicted on commodities and wire fraud charges after a trial in federal court.

Trump signed executive order establishing digital asset framework and appointed venture capitalist David Sacks as special advisor for crypto

Trump granted full pardon to Ross Ulbricht one day after inauguration, ending decade-long imprisonment

Bitcoin reached $109,356 on January 20, 2025, marking a new all-time high coinciding with Trump's inauguration.

The total cryptocurrency market capitalization surged to $3.7 trillion on January 20, 2025, marking an all-time record and shattering the previous peak of $3 trillion set in November 2021.

SEC Chair Gary Gensler resigned effective January 20, ending aggressive crypto enforcement era

FTX creditors began receiving distributions in early 2025 with expected recovery of 119% of claim values, though valuations were pegged to November 2022 petition date at significantly lower Bitcoin prices.

The European Union's Markets in Crypto-Assets regulation became fully enforceable on December 30, 2024, establishing the world's first comprehensive regulatory framework for cryptocurrency.

El Salvador amended its Bitcoin legal tender law in December 2024 as a condition for securing a $1.4 billion IMF loan, making merchant Bitcoin acceptance voluntary rather than mandatory.

US spot Bitcoin ETFs collectively exceeded $120 billion in assets under management by mid-December 2024, surpassing the combined AUM of major gold ETFs.

Bitcoin reached $101,237 on December 5, 2024, surpassing $100,000 for the first time in history

MicroStrategy announced purchase of 55,500 BTC in a single week as part of aggressive accumulation strategy

The cryptocurrency industry deployed a record $130 million in campaign contributions and political spending during the 2024 U.S. election cycle, making it the largest corporate political spender for the election.

Russia's federal cryptocurrency mining law took effect November 1, 2024, establishing a legal framework for registered miners and defining tax treatment for mining income.

Stripe announced its $1.1 billion acquisition of Bridge on October 21, 2024, representing the largest cryptocurrency infrastructure acquisition in years.

FTX bankruptcy plan approved for $12.7 billion distribution to creditors in October 2024.

MakerDAO rebranded to Sky Protocol on August 27, 2024, upgrading its DAI stablecoin to USDS as part of the co-founder's 'Endgame' strategic plan.

Coinbase's Base layer 2 network ran the 'Onchain Summer' campaign throughout summer 2024, driving total value locked to over $7 billion and daily transactions exceeding Ethereum mainnet volumes.

ConsenSys announced June 18, 2024, that the SEC closed its investigation into Ethereum 2.0 and would not bring charges classifying ETH as a security.

Terraform Labs and founder Do Kwon agreed on June 12, 2024, to pay $4.47 billion to settle SEC civil fraud charges in the largest crypto settlement at the time.

Combined total value locked in Ethereum Layer 2 networks crossed $20 billion in mid-2024, driven by fee reductions from the Dencun upgrade and rapid Base growth.

Marathon Digital Holdings reported hash rate exceeding 30 EH/s at the end of May 2024, becoming the first publicly traded Bitcoin miner to achieve the milestone.

SEC approved spot Ethereum ETF applications, opening institutional access to Ethereum holdings

Aave Labs proposed Aave V4, a protocol overhaul featuring a unified liquidity layer connecting all markets and advanced risk management mechanisms, targeting 2025 deployment.

Bitcoin miners experienced a 50% revenue collapse following the April 2024 halving, with daily block reward revenue plummeting from $72 million to $30 million.

Dutch court sentenced Alexey Pertsev to 64 months in prison on May 14, 2024, for money laundering related to operating the Tornado Cash cryptocurrency mixer.

EigenLayer distributed EIGEN tokens on May 10, 2024 to early restakers, with tokens initially non-transferable, generating controversy over allocation sizes and geographic restrictions.

Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao received four-month prison sentence for Bank Secrecy Act violations

The Runes fungible token protocol launched on Bitcoin at block 840,000 on April 20, 2024, the same block as the network's fourth halving.

Bitcoin's fourth halving on April 19 2024 reduced block rewards from 6.25 to 3.125 BTC, cutting new daily issuance in half and pressuring mining economics.

Ethena's USDe synthetic dollar reached $2 billion in supply by April 2024, supported by a high-yield mechanism combining staked ETH returns with perpetual futures funding arbitrage.

Hong Kong's Securities and Futures Commission approved spot Bitcoin and Ether ETFs on April 15, 2024, making it the first jurisdiction in Asia to offer such products.

Uniswap Labs disclosed receipt of a Wells notice from the SEC on April 10, 2024, signaling the agency's intention to pursue enforcement action against the largest decentralized exchange.

FTX estate liquidated approximately $1 billion in Solana tokens at $64 per token via over-the-counter sales, offering buyers a 60 percent discount to prevailing market prices.

Wormhole launched its W governance token via airdrop on April 3, 2024, following a previous funding round that valued the cross-chain messaging protocol at $2.5 billion.

Telegram integrated a TON-based cryptocurrency wallet directly into its messenger application in early 2024, driving Toncoin's value from approximately $2 to over $8 by mid-year.

Bitcoin miners earned over $2 billion in March 2024 from block rewards and transaction fees combined, the highest monthly revenue ever recorded.

Judge Lewis Kaplan sentenced Sam Bankman-Fried to 25 years in prison on March 28 2024, finding him guilty of defrauding customers of over 8 billion dollars.

Dogwifhat, a Solana-based meme coin featuring a Shiba Inu in a knit hat, reached a $4 billion market capitalization in March 2024, exemplifying explosive meme coin growth on low-cost blockchains.

The Ethereum Dencun upgrade activated on March 13 2024, introducing EIP-4844 proto-danksharding and reducing Layer 2 transaction costs by 10-100x.

US spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded a single-day net inflow record of $1.05 billion on March 12, 2024, marking accelerating institutional adoption.

Binance achieved $100 billion in daily spot trading volume in early March 2024, marking the exchange's highest single-day volume as Bitcoin rallied toward its previous all-time high.

BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin Trust surpassed $10 billion in AUM within 7 weeks, breaking records for ETF growth.

Blast, an Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solution, launched mainnet on February 29, 2024 with over $2 billion in deposits and built-in yield mechanisms for ETH and stablecoins.

Mining difficulty reached new all-time highs above 80 trillion as Bitcoin's hash rate exceeded 550 exahashes per second, driven by ETF approvals and next-generation ASIC chip deployment.

Following the SEC's approval of spot Bitcoin ETFs on January 10, 2024, Grayscale Bitcoin Trust converted to an ETF and immediately faced massive outflows due to its higher fee structure.

The Bitcoin Lightning Network's total capacity surpassed 5,000 BTC in early 2024, representing approximately $225 million in locked liquidity across over 15,000 active nodes.

BlackRock CEO Larry Fink declared Bitcoin a 'digital gold' and legitimate financial instrument in January 2024, reversing his 2017 stance calling it money laundering.

Spot Bitcoin ETF trading launched on January 11, 2024, with combined day-one volume of $4.6 billion across 11 approved products.

Circle filed its S-1 registration with the SEC on January 11, 2024, for a planned IPO under the NYSE ticker CRCL.

The SEC approved 11 spot Bitcoin ETFs on January 10, opening institutional markets to direct Bitcoin exposure for the first time.

Bitcoin Ordinals inscriptions surpassed 60 million by the end of 2023, generating over $200 million in cumulative fees while reigniting debate within the Bitcoin developer community over block space allocation.

Coinbase shares rose from $35 in January to $175 by December, making it the best-performing large-cap stock of 2023.

SOL rallied from $8 post-FTX lows to $100 by December 2023 as daily transactions topped 40 million and DeFi TVL grew tenfold.

Deutsche Telekom's subsidiary announced Bitcoin and Ethereum node operations and mining in December 2023, joining other major corporations entering the sector.

Robinhood launched cryptocurrency trading in the European Union on December 5, 2023, through a Lithuania-based entity, listing more than 25 tokens.

Changpeng Zhao pleaded guilty to Bank Secrecy Act violations on November 21 2023, stepping down as Binance CEO amid a 4.3 billion dollar settlement.

CoinDesk, the leading cryptocurrency news outlet, was sold to Bullish exchange on November 21, 2023, in a transaction valued near $75 million.

Celsius Network bankruptcy plan confirmed by court, enabling partial recovery for creditors

A federal jury convicted Sam Bankman-Fried on November 2 2023 on all seven counts of fraud, marking the crypto industry's most significant prosecution.

NFT trading volumes on Ethereum fell to approximately $70 million monthly by September 2023, down 95% from the $3.5 billion peak reached in January 2022.

Polygon migrated from the MATIC token to the POL governance token on September 4, 2023, completing a major rebranding initiative under the new Polygon Labs organizational structure.

The DC Circuit Court of Appeals ruled on August 29 2023 that the SEC's denial of Grayscale's spot Bitcoin ETF was arbitrary and capricious, vacating the rejection order.

Coinbase launched Base Layer 2 on August 9, 2023, an Optimism-based network that achieved $400 million in total value locked within weeks.

PayPal launched its USD stablecoin (PYUSD) on August 7, 2023, marking the first major traditional finance firm to issue its own token on public blockchains.

A reentrancy vulnerability in the Vyper compiler drained approximately $70 million from multiple Curve Finance pools on July 30, 2023.

Worldcoin launched on July 24, 2023, distributing WLD tokens to users who scanned their irises at Orb devices, aiming to create digital identity infrastructure and universal basic income distribution.

Celsius founder Alex Mashinsky arrested July 13, 2023, as DOJ, SEC, FTC, and CFTC file coordinated charges over customer fraud and token manipulation.

Judge Analisa Torres ruled on July 13 2023 that XRP sold programmatically did not constitute securities, marking the first major judicial determination about cryptocurrency token classification.

Cross-chain bridge Multichain halted operations on July 7, 2023, after $126 million in abnormal asset movements left user funds inaccessible across the network.

JPMorgan rebranded its blockchain division to Kinexys and expanded JPM Coin usage, processing over $1 billion daily in institutional transactions.

Binance.US halted USD deposits and withdrawals on June 9, 2023, days after the SEC filed its lawsuit against the exchange.

The SEC filed charges against Coinbase on June 6, 2023, alleging operation of an unregistered securities exchange and broker.

The SEC filed 13 charges against Binance, BAM Trading, and CEO Changpeng Zhao on June 5, 2023, alleging operation of an unregistered exchange.

Ledger announced the Ledger Recover service on May 16, 2023, dividing the security community over whether splitting seed phrases violated the core security principle.

A BRC-20 token frenzy in May 2023 pushed Bitcoin transaction fees above $30 average, the highest since 2017, while 24,000+ tokens were deployed on the network.

Ethereum's Shapella upgrade activated on April 12, 2023, enabling validators to withdraw staked ETH for the first time since the Beacon Chain launch.

Arbitrum Foundation distributed 1.16 billion ARB tokens on March 23, 2023, valued at approximately $1.8 billion to 625,000+ eligible early users.

Do Kwon was arrested at Podgorica airport on March 23 2023 using a forged Costa Rican passport after months evading law enforcement.

James Zhong pleaded guilty and was sentenced to one year in prison in March 2023 for stealing 50,000+ Bitcoin from Silk Road a decade earlier.

SVB's collapse on March 10 2023 initiated a banking crisis that eliminated three major crypto-friendly banks within days and tested stablecoin confidence.

Kraken agreed on February 9, 2023, to pay $30 million and cease its US staking-as-a-service program after the SEC alleged it constituted an unregistered securities offering.

Genesis Global Capital filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on January 19, 2023, owing $3.4 billion to creditors after the FTX collapse froze its lending operations.